The Unexposed Secret of College Compare and Contrast Essay Samples

The Unexposed Secret of College Compare and Contrast Essay Samples There are plenty of sources from where it is possible to gather information on your subjects but be sure that you always go with facts. You should research the selected topic and discover facts to contradict your first thesis. By doing this you can find a far better pictures of the essay which you ought to write about. On the 1 hand, it's possible to divide the compared subjects and go over the descriptive details in separated paragraphs. Before you begin, it is essential to choose topics which you really know well. In the majority of instances, the topics you select should be closely related. The topics you'll find here require an exceptional approach as you attempt to think of useful and accurate content. Lucky for you, there are several topics you could concentrate on when writing and it's all your responsibility to figure out the precise topic that you would like to build on. School is mandatory and absolutely free of charge. Students may choose to take just a couple of semesters to acquire a certificate in a particular field like nursing, welding, or surgical technology. They lead busy lives and often forget about an upcoming deadline. They can typically understand the structure with just a short amount of instruction. The Downside Risk of College Compare and Contrast Essay Samples The very first thing you ought to do is identify the form of compare and contrast essay which you're handling. There are a couple things that help make a superior comparison and contrast essay. To begin with, you must discover a basis of comparison to be sure the 2 things have enough in common. There are two common methods to compose the composition. When making comparisons or contrasts, it's vital to be clear what criteria you're using. If you'll write a comparative essay, you will need to get a notion of the impacts of unique aspects to the result which you can get at the conclusion of the writing activity. When you receive the title and aspects to compare but without a definite number of criteria to cover similarities and differences, you've got to brainstorm. When you begin brainstorming and researching the subject, the odds are high you'll discover a wide collection of differences and similarities. Discuss famous folks who have an influence on the life of humanity. The majority of the folks discover that it's tricky to differentiate a frog from a toad. For example an individual may select a topic like, life in the shoes of a werewolf. Therefore, without the suitable guidance, young women and men wind up destroying their fruitful lives. College Compare and Contrast Essay Samples Fundamentals Explained The cost of an essay depends upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. After you have read our helpful on-line article, we'd like to provide something you couldn't even imagine. The choice of the topic ought to be based on your interest because it's essential that you maintain your interest throughout the technology essays writing. On-line assistance from expert writers will help you save you a plenty of time. The Appeal of College Compare and Contrast Essay Samples There are lots more ways, however, in which high school and college are extremely different. High school and college are alike in a lot of ways. On the other hand, it is a choice. Community colleges are way more affordable. Before writing a comparative essay, you should first arm yourself with the data that you want. Writing tips will allow you to organize the outline and compose the essay. When it has to do with writing an essay, you should pay attention to details. Writing an excellent essay might be a bit o f cake if you're feeling inspired. You also know how to come across sources and the very best kind to utilize in your paper to ensure it is relevant and interesting. The movie is a blend of interviews, archive footage. Compare and contrast essay is widely utilized in many different types of writing assignments. Don't make your paper biased. If you don't, read how to compose a compare and contrast essay. A compare and contrast essay is supposed to demonstrate the reader the similarities between at least two subjects.

Chemicals and Pesticides Found in the Great Lakes Essay

The chemicals found in water can be dangerous toward our health. We live near the Great Lakes which supplies 20% of the World’s fresh water. It also has chemicals that threaten the life evolving around the fresh water. There are medical drugs that are being introduced to the fresh water lakes. Stuff like antibiotics and steroids. These pharmaceuticals are posing danger for the environment. This could affect the lake life,s growth. Pesticides are also found in the Great Lakes. These pesticides are made up of dangerous chemicals like toxaphene and chlordane. The rain transports the pesticides from crops to bodies of water like the Great Lakes. They are then absorbed by phytoplankton and it moves up the food chain from there. Pesticides†¦show more content†¦Cadmium is dangerous because it can cause kidney failure. It travels in the blood toward the liver where it shares bonds with proteins. It then travels to the kidneys where it can gather. The most polluted lake is in Russia. It is called Lake Karachay. It can kill within an hour of being near its vicinity. It was the place where russia dumped all of its radioactivity. The lake now posses caesium-137 and strontium-90. powder is produce from caesium because it can easily bond with chlorides. Strontium-90 also produces a large amount of radiation with a half life of just under 30 years. Many residents were uninformed of the radioactivity and drank the lake water. Leukemia risen over 40% and cancer risen over 20%. This was around the surrounding vicinity. It also cause a rise in birth defects. The Yangtze river flows through Asia. It is the third largest river in the world. It sustains a population of 400 million people. Its fish has been reported to contain alkylphenols and perfluorinated compounds. These are artificial compounds that are no good for the environment. Alkylphenols can disrupt sexual growth. Perfluorinated compounds can lower sperm percentages in humans. These two compounds can be disguised as hormones which can be bad for the reproduction process in animal life. These compounds can be spread throughout the animal kingdom by the means of the food chain. These compounds can be found in animals and peopleShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effect of Pesticides on the Environment Essay974 Words   |  4 PagesThe Negative Effect of Pesticides on the Environment America the Beautiful! So why are we destroying it everyday with the use of pesticides? It has been proven that pesticides have affects on its surrounding, although made to improve earths resources, they typically take there negative effect on the environment in time. Pesticides affect more than the environment; they also affect the animals and humans living in the environment. There are alternative, to this major problem but, we as the caretakersRead More Lawn Pesticides and Chemicals Essays896 Words   |  4 PagesLawn Pesticides and Chemicals Recently, the use of lawn pesticides and chemicals has grown enormously with home owners and golf course management in hope of attaining the perfect turf. However, the negative effects that are associated with attaining ones dream turf is primarily caused by the direct use of pesticides and chemicals. The chemical pesticide industry fails to address these issues and has made every effort to keep this information from the public. Herbicides and pesticides areRead MoreAbout Over Two Thirds Of Earth’S Surface Are Covered By1263 Words   |  6 Pageswe continue to whiteness Earth’s population grow, individuals are increasing pressure on the planet’s water resources. However; this intensifying change comes from water pollution. Water pollution is when toxic chemicals enter water bodies such as, rivers, lakes, and oceans these chemicals are getting dissolved within the water bodies. This degenerates the quality of water that the Earth is receiving. According to Abdul Azeem, â€Å"Water pollution is a major problem in the global context. It has beenRead MoreEffects Of Pesticides On The Environment1202 Words   |  5 Pagesis threatened by another modern invention, the application of pesticides. While pesticides have narrowed the gap between actual yield and yield potential in our conventional crops, they are also a source of nontarget poisoning responsible for fish kills, reproductive failur es in birds, and human illnesses (Arias-Estevez et al, 2007). In fact, only about 0.1% of pesticides actually reach their targeted pest (Pimentel, 1995). Most pesticide ends up in the environment where it is transported or degradedRead More Pesticides Essay1238 Words   |  5 Pagesshould not use chemicals without researching and considering serious consequences. Rachel Carson, an aquatic biologist who helped shape the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, wrote an article about the damage chemicals are having on the earth. She presented a great point that most damage Americans are causing to the earth cannot be reversed. These chemicals are left in the air or in the ground for generations (Carson 50). Americans should use environmentally friendly pesticides to reduce pollutionRead MoreColony Collapse Disorder and Pesticides Essay1584 Words   |  7 PagesCollapse Disorder and Pesticides From around the year 2006, many bee farmers in the U.S.A and some parts of Europe started reporting sharp declines in their bee stocks. The reason for this declining numbers was not known and therefore scientists named it colony collapse disorder (CCD). Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a not a very old phenomena and it became popular when large number of bee colonies started disappearing. The disappearing was mysterious since no dead bees were found in or around theRead MoreThe Effects Of Water Pollution On The Environment1322 Words   |  6 Pagesgrowing population the effects can be seen by just looking at our Great Lakes and even at Hoover Dam. Water levels are declining in our freshwater lakes faster than it can replenish itself and because that’s still isn t enough to sustain the growing population, we drill into aquifers(groundwater pools) for more. On top of all that pollution from fertilizers, factories and other human activities travels with runoff water into aquif ers and lakes. The purpose for this paper is to convince the American publicRead MoreEffects Of Plastic Pollution On Our Oceans1593 Words   |  7 Pagescan lead to eutrophication, which is an enrichment of chemicals in an ecosystem, but it can cause human diseases as well. (Oceans) In reality, exposure to all marine organisms will be some sort of toxin or chemical, whether it is from the ocean or contaminated from human chemicals like pesticides. Deliberately dumped plastics and toxins spread into water systems daily. During the 1970’s dumping radioactive waste, chemical weapons, pesticides, and plastics have been disposed into oceans. The reasonRead MoreOrganic Food : An Art1512 Words   |  7 Pagesfor unnecessary chemical fridalers in order to grow produce in the future; also conventional farming has negative impacts on the water supply because conventional farmers use water that constants harsh chemicals to water their crops (Fossel 4). This affects the environment is because the water is absorbed into the soil going deep into the underground water supply which intoxicants are fresh water supply such as walls and nearby lakes. According to, the us Geological survey found that more than 50%Read MoreOrganic Food And Its Effects On The Environment1411 Words   |  6 Pagesneeded for unnecessary chemical fridalers in order to grow produce in the future, also conventional farming has negative impacts on our water supply because conventional farmers use water that constants harsh chemicals to water their crops. How this affects the environment is because the water is absorbed into the soil going deep into the underground water supply, Which intoxicants are fresh water supply such as walls and near by lakes. According to, The us Geological survey found that more than 50%

New Organizational Structure of Toyota Motor Corporation Case Study

Question: Discuss about theAnalysis of Effectiveness of New Organizational Structure of Toyota Motor Corporation. Answer: Introduction Toyota Motors Corporation is a multinational organization manufacturing automobiles. The corporation has its headquarters in Japan and operates business units across the world. The organization has grown to be a leading manufacturer in the automobile industry (Gregory, 2015). To survive the change in the industry for the past over 75 year, the company has implemented several changes in the organization to enhance growth, development and dominance of it automobile brand of Toyota (Toyota-global.com, 2016). This paper analysis the effectiveness of Toyota Corporation management to adopt the new organizational structure using Lewins unfreezing change refreeze model. The paper will include the change drivers, strategies used and the management of resistance together with organizational culture among employees of the organization. Background Context The Corporation has for long time used the traditional hierarchy organizational structure to manage it businesses. This bureaucratic method had been centralized the businesses decisions to the corporations headquarters in Japan. It required that decisions be done from headquarter then channeled down to the business units around the world. It denied business units from making tailored decisions that were necessary for the specific unit operations. The business units were also not able to share ideas with one another. This organizational structure led to processes that did not add value the Corporation in the current world of business (Gregory, 2015). It did not encourage innovations and adoption of technology making the corporation less competitive. The change in the organizational structure started in 2000. This was as a result of business expansion that led to diverse employees around the world. It started by instituting flattening personnel organization model (Sako, 2004). This has enhanced sharing among employees in the organization that has promoted innovation in the business units and the corporation in general. In 2011, the company outlined a new Toyota global Vision. For the achieved of the vision, the company found it important to adjust and implement a new organizational structure (Toyota-global.com, 2016). This structure has been discussed and analyzed in the paper. Characteristics of the Toyota New Organizational Structure The company has had a division organizational chart. This structure has been reorganized to have the following features; Global hierarchy: This feature ensures that the corporation maintains it top leadership from the headquarters. Despite maintaining this feature, the organization has increased powers of managers in other levels to make decision. Regional and businesses unit managers were allowed to make decisions and report directly to head office in Japan. Geographical divisions: the new organizational structure has outlined eight divisions. These regions operate independently and report to headquarter. This feature enables the regions to improve on the products and service as per the requirements of the region. Product based divisions: The new organizational structure recognizes four product based division for the company. The characteristic is meant to enhance brand developments of the Toyota product. It also offers support for product line development. Lewins Organizational Change Model in Toyota Motors Corporation This theoretical model helps managers implement change in their organizations effectively. It outlines the critical stages and strategies to be employed to reduce resistance, doubts and uncertainties from employees in the organization. The model involves three stages; unfreezing, change and refreezing of change in an organization. They are discussed below; Unfreezing Stage This is the first step of implementing change. It involves breaking of the existing culture and status in the organization that new can be created. It also involves the top management communicating and making it clear the objective and benefits of the change. Effective handling of this stage reduces resistance from the employees of the organization (Senior and Fleming, 2006). In this case of Toyota Motors, the top management has to be involved in communicating to juniors the need for adopting the new organizational structure. The aim of the Toyota organizational change is to adopt a structure that decentralizes decision made to allow achievements of it vision of creating products that are earth friendly and sustainable growth. Change Is the second stage and involves the implementation of the planned change. The way of doing things is adopted in this stage. The new actions are seen by employees happening in this stage. The employees are addressed how the change is going to benefit them. In this case of Toyota Motors, Decisions are encouraged to be done on the site. Regional and business unit managers make decisions by using the information on the site. This will show the managers and employees how fast, convenience and reliable the decisions made on the site are rather than waiting for decisions to be made from headquarters. Refreezing This is the third and last stage of managing change. It involves stabilizing implemented change. This stand involves strategies that motivate junior managers and employees to embrace and practice change. For the intended change in Toyota motor Corporation, this stage will involve strategies that promote junior managers to adopt making decisions and constantly reviewing decisions to facilitate the effectiveness of the change. The senior management can design rewards that can act as incentives for the junior managers to practice change implemented. Change Drivers The change and reorganization of the Toyota Motor Corporation organizational structure have been driven by the following; Need to capture and convey consumer opinion: There has been increasing need for the company to incorporate customers opinion in their product. This has led to increased need to get the first hand information and be used to make decision in respective regions. Need for quick decisions: Due to the dynamism in the market, there has been a growing need for quick prompt decisions to enhance consistent performance. Centralized decisions were time consuming and were not based on site information. Therefore, need for prompt decision triggered organizational change. Need for increased control: The Corporation has increases in size and need for control to enhance efficiency and effectiveness has increased. This has necessitated constant check by on site management to ensure that the activities are in line with the organizations plans. The review and suggestions of managers on site help manage the business unit and it environment. This ensures that the decisions taken are acceptable to the nearby communities. New communication technologies: The advancement of communicating industry has made it easy for the organization to give assistance to managers in all levels. This has made it convenience for decisions to be made on site with available consultation avenues. Specific Strategies for Implementing Change in Toyota Motors Company They include; Simplifying the board of directors Reducing the executive decision making system New structures to enable local decision making New structures to ensure outside opinion is listened to and used in decision making. Managing Resistance and Culture in the Organizational Change Process of Toyota Company Resistance to change is common when implementing change. It the role of the companys top managers to reduce resistance among junior and employees during the implementation process. Top management should ensure clear communication for effective implementation of change (Senior and Fleming, 2006). They should ensure that the change is supported by the junior and employees. This will make it easy for them to change. The top managers should also work on employees attitudes to avoid negative on job attitudes that can reduce morale in the organization. Organizational changes do change the organizations culture. The new organizational structure adopted by Toyota Motors is changing the bureaucracy culture in the organization and introducing an expert culture where anybody can teach and be taught (Toyota-global.com, 2016). The new culture promotes innovation I the organization allowing and incorporating customers opinion in the products manufactured. Conclusion From the analysis above, the Toyota Motors Corporation organization structure change is a timely crucial change for the company. The change promotes innovation and incorporation of customers opinion in the products that the company is manufacturing. The change also will ensure that the corporation produces products that are earth friendly and enhance sustainability. The effectiveness of the implementation of the organizational change depends on the effectiveness of the top management of the company to apply strategies appropriately to achieve the planned change. Therefore, the change in organizational structure of Toyota Motors will enable the company expand and create products that the customers need. References Floyd, P. (2002). Organizational change. Oxford [England]: Capstone Pub. Gabriel, K. (n.d.). Organizational Development, Organizational Culture and Organizational Change. SSRN Electronic Journal. Gregory, L. (2015). Toyotas Organizational Structure: An Analysis - Panmore Institute. [online] Panmore Institute. Available at: https://panmore.com/toyota-organizational-structure-analysis [Accessed 12 Oct. 2016]. Hermalin, B. (n.d.). Organizational Fixed Costs and Organizational Structure. SSRN Electronic Journal. Ladi, S. (n.d.). Globalization and Europeanization: Analysing Change. SSRN Electronic Journal. Pasmore, W., Woodman, R. and Shani, A. (2010). Research in organizational change and development. Bingley, UK: Emerald. Sako, M. (2004). Supplier development at Honda, Nissan and Toyota: comparative case studies of organizational capability enhancement. Industrial and Corporate Change, 13(2), pp.281-308. Senior, B. and Fleming, J. (2006). Organizational change. Harlow, England: Prentice Hall/Financial Times. Toyota-global.com. (2016). Toyota Motor Corporation Global Website | 75 Years of TOYOTA | Organizational Changes | Last Organizational Chart. [online] Available at: https://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/data/company_information/management_and_finances/management/organizational/organizational_changes15.html [Accessed 12 Oct. 2016].

Research Paper on Strategic Planning Essay Example

Research Paper on Strategic Planning Essay Introduction Strategic planning is an indispensable component of success for virtually any organization, irrespective of the nature of its goals. Utilising a variety of strategic planning means, members of an organization can create a plan that will suit their particular needs and wants and help them attain the desired goals. Strategic planning is a â€Å"process to establish priorities on what you will accomplish in the future† (Evans). The use of strategic planning allows the organization to unite all its resources and effectively allocate it to the solution of tasks and assignments in the order of their importance that corresponds to the set goals and priorities. Forcing members of the organization to map out future strategy, strategic planning enables them to have a clear vision of what they want to accomplish. This research paper will include the application of strategic planning model to the functioning of the entrepreneurial organization, InternetGates, a provider of Internet services, design and high-tech solutions. The paper will include a brief review of strategic planning models and in-depth application of these models to the particular organization. Strategic Planning Models The ultimate goal of strategic planning is to create an organization that is â€Å"agile, collaborative and focused† (Lavia, 2004, p. 56). While the purpose is uniform, there are some actions that can be used to arrive at this purpose that is reflected in several strategic planning models. The first model is basic and is organized as follows: We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Strategic Planning specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Strategic Planning specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Strategic Planning specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Develop the purpose reflected in the mission statement State the goals to be achieved for the realization of the mission statement Develop strategies that are needed to attain goals â€Å"Identify specific action plans to implement each strategy† Regularly monitor the implementation of the plan (McNamara, 1999). This straightforward model is expanded in Issue-Based (or Goal-Based) Planning that also includes the internal/external analysis of the organization and development of the implementation plan (McNamara, 1999). The third model, called Alignment Model, envisages changes to the current situation to be made to adjust the organization, correcting flaws and inefficiencies. Finally, Scenario Planning involves preparation of scenarios to address possible changes in the external environment. This paper will rely on Issue-Based (or Goal-Based) Planning Model to map out the future of the organization. Mission Statement The development of the mission statement â€Å"determines the competitive arena in which an organization operates, how resources are to be allocated, and the appropriate size of the organization† (Mercer, 1991, p. 63). The organization’s mission statement is important because it defines â€Å"the overall organizational purpose and driving force(s) (Mercer, 1991, p. 63). internet games is a complex organization that operates in some areas, delivering news coverage, analytical reporting, high-tech solutions such as logos and multimedia presentations, online advertising, and software and design development services. Therefore, the mission statement should embrace these areas. Also, it should focus on stakeholders the organization wants to benefit such as clients, employees, investors, and others. The mission statement has to answer the question â€Å"What business are we in?† and define the driving force as â€Å"the primary strength of the organization on which major decisions are based† (Mercer, 1991, p. 63, 64). With all these considerations in mind, this can be an appropriate mission statement for internet games: InternetGates strives to provide its clients with high-class, state-of-the-art Internet service that will supply one-stop, integrated solutions, with the primary thrust being the high level of services offered enabled through the accumulation of expertise and knowledge in a carefully selected employee body. This mission statement reflects the concentration of the organization on the provision of comprehensive services network. It also reflects the emphasis on qualified staff retention and stresses the quality of services. Organization Overview InternetGates, or InternetGates.com, is an electronic media network that includes four sites representing four different projects: FinanceGates, RealEstateGates, GamblingGates, and FashionGates, each with its own topic area and staff. The organization is structured in such a way that nearly every employee is subordinated to the line manager within the project and functional manager, such as Head of the Content Department, Marketing Director, etc. This structure often creates tensions when there are discrepancies between objectives set by various managers, and these requirements clash, competing for the attention of employees. The managers sometimes are not sure who has a greater authority, the project manager or the functional manager, and therefore compete for power. The main competitive advantage of the organization is its young, enterprising team that consists of professionals who have nearly accomplished the establishment part of their career and are now ready to move into more advanced positions. They have accumulated sufficient expertise they can bring to the projects and possess a vast array of ideas to apply to their work. However, the level of expertise is not level across departments, and sometimes there are instances of unprofessional work such as weak articles and inadequate research on the topic. The technology in the organization is state-of-the-art and corresponds to all modern requirements. This area is one of the competitive advantages of the team. External Environment The external environment in which the organization operates demonstrates many important trends. Some of those that can be relevant to InternetGates include the expansion of weblogs, increasing role of social networking on the Web, the trend of net users to create their own digital content, increase in the number of smart screen smartphones with Internet access, and rise in the use of mobile digital media (Greenlee, 2005). The organization may be interested in the observed rise in tech stocks, and rising demand from companies for flexible technical solutions. These trends demonstrate that InternetGates needs to update its business to suit the changing needs continuously. For instance, the addition of weblogging to news coverage is a great advantage to a modern medium source. Accounting for the needs of smartphone users and increasing flexibility can also become appropriate points of focus for the organization. Strategic Objectives To increase its competitiveness in the global marketplace, InternetGates should: Strive to accumulate as much knowledge as possible that can be applied in providing high-level services, solving complex technological problems and finding innovative solutionsAim at integration of services so that clients can receive a one-stop service that will carefully balance all their requirementsCreate a viable community of users united through virtual communication Strategies To achieve these strategic objectives, the organization can implement the following policies: Knowledge accumulationDevelop and implement a staff retention program. To accomplish this, the organization needs to decide what members of the staff it wants to retain. Most logically, these can be qualified individuals such as programmers, content managers, marketers and others that contribute to the success of the organization. The retention program has to be designed with consideration of the demographics and other characteristics of the corresponding group. For instance, since a large part of the qualified staff is about 25-35 years of age, a good option can be the introduction of an affordable childcare facility. The implementation of the plan needs to consider the resource base of the organization. Recruitment has to be improved to exclude the option of hiring under-qualified professionals that allow lapses in their work. Rigorous testing, the introduction of a trial period and test assignments can answer these concerns effectively. Ongoing training should be provided to pers onnel to help them navigate in the vast amount of information that can be used to improve their prospects. Integration of ServicesServices have to be integrated in a smooth way that will provide cooperation between various departments. This can become possible if the organization creates cross-functional teams that will unite professionals from different departments. These teams can meet on a regular basis, solving issues relevant to the customer. The implementation will be more successful if it is monitored by someone with experience in teamwork, perhaps in a different organization. Creation of User CommunityThe programmers have to design and implement features on the website that will enable user comments to articles permitting users to get better to know each other. Comments have to be added at the bottom of the page, not eclipsing editorial content, but at the same time being visible to a new visitor. Addition of weblogs to regular news coverage can be a viable option that will permit the organization to use its resources better to help people meet each other on the Web and share their thoughts and feelings. Conclusion The successful development of InternetGates.com will depend on the organization’s ability to realize its strategic planning. The mission statement developed by the company emphasizes its strengths, enabling it to take these strengths to a new level, generating a lasting competitive advantage. This mission was used to reflect on strategic objectives. The presence of three strategic objectives can be considered an optimal number for any organization as it will enable it to concentrate on key areas, without spreading its efforts too thin. These strategic objectives were translated into specific strategies that will support organizational development.

Performance-Enhancing Drugs In Sports

Performance-Enhancing Drugs In Sports Free Online Research Papers There are several different types of performance-enhancing drugs used by athletes and others in today’s society. Two of the most common drugs used are steroids and androstenedione. These drugs, among others, when used are referred to as â€Å"doping†. â€Å"In sports, doping refers to the use of performance-enhancing drugs such as steroids, particularly those that are forbidden by organizations that regulate competitions.† (Doping (sports), 2007) Steroids have been around since the mid-1930’s. There are thirty (30) different types and they are primarily made of progesterone, androgen and estrogen. This drug is used for many different reasons. Some reasons people use steroids is to grow muscle, become stronger, endurance, recover quickly, and train more. (Staudohar, 2005) The other common drug used is androstenedione, which is a type of steroid. (DiConsiglio, 1999) Another name for androstenedione is â€Å"andro.† Andro originates either from the conversion of 17-hydroxyprogesterone or from dehydroepiandrosterone#. These are then converted into either estrone or testerone. Just like steroids, andro is used to help a person grow more muscle and become stronger. There are several side effects from the performance-enhancing drugs. Just from steroids alone, the side effects are increased protein synthesis, muscle and strength, appetite, bone remodeling and growth, production of red blood cells, blood pressure, cholesterol, risk of cardiovascular disease and acne. (Gassman, 2007) The side effect of androstenedione is gynecomastia#. These drugs are very dangerous and damaging to a person’s health, body and even mind. Another drug used by athletes, but not often mentioned, is cocaine. This drug is thought to be used primarily by the stereo-typed persons who have â€Å"some combination of the following variables: money, fame, free time and feeling of invincibility.† Some of the side effects of this drug are hypothermia, anxiety, palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, chronic nasal drip, sinusitis, and sudden death by bleeding or seizures in the brain and rhythm disturbances of the heart. (Preboth, 2000) Another drug used by athletes, which seems to be becoming popular and common, is HGH or human growth hormone. HGH is located in the center of the brain and is produced by the pituitary gland. It is the most abundant hormone. The human growth hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland. It helps the human body in a variety of health functions. The human growth hormone is said to help build muscle and stop aging. (G) There are three (3) different ways to take human growth hormones. They can me taken by injections, oral sprays and releasers (herbal supplements). Although each method is costly, taking HGH Injections seems to be the most expensive. (G) The injections are typically used two (2) to three (3) times a day. Each injection averages about $25.00 per shot. So when taking the injections, you’re looking at spending about fifty (50) to seventy-five (75) dollars a day. Using the injections isn’t natural because it uses â€Å"scientifically engineered† or synthetic HGH. Although this method is effective, it is very painful, requires a prescription, expensive, can have serious side effects and is time-consuming. (G) The oral spray on the other hand isn’t effective at all. The â€Å"sprays are said to be ineffective because growth hormone is a large, unstable molecule that can’t pass through membranes in the mouth.† (G) You also can’t tell how much of the dose that you’re taking. The spray is also dangerous to fillers and binders and is distasteful. (G) The releasers are very different from the injections and sprays. They don’t cost that much and they actually work. They also don’t require a prescription and don’t have any side effects. The releasers contain only natural herbal ingredients. It seems as though that the human growth hormones are good for you and the only one that poses a threat are the injections. The sprays don’t work at all and they pose a little threat. It seems the releaser is the best one to use. But if the human growth hormones are good for you, then why do people think that they’re bad? Well, if you abuse them, then there could be serious side effects. It could even be fatal to your health and could make you loose a lot of money. Twenty (20) years ago, drug testing was in the beginning stages. (Mannie, 2006) For example, in 1976, testing first began among athletes in the Montreal Olympics. (Murphy, 2007) Now it’s more complex and in constant change. (CBC, 2004) As the years go by, more tests have been developed to trace and stop drug usage. The NFL, and other organizations like the NHL and NBA (Mannie, 2006), took measures into their own hands by having random urine testing procedures. The old test, used by the NFL, only tested seven (7) players at random, per week during a season. The new one tests ten (10) players at random, per week during a season. Also, the players, if caught using drugs, will be suspended and could forfeit a prorated portion of their signing bonuses which is often the only guaranteed compensation. (AP, 2007) In 2005, the NHL started to tests players twice a year. (Murphy, 2007) The German Sport University in Colgne also found a way to test for low concentrations of drugs. They h ave developed a chemical technique to detect synacthen.# (Mika, 2007) Although there are tests and new procedures have been developed and adopted, some sports players are still being question as to whether or not they’re using. In baseball, a center fielder for the Angels is alleged to have bought performance-enhancing drugs. If this is true, then Gary Mathews, Jr. could be suspended for fifty (50) games. Mathews name also appeared on a pharmacies prescriptions list in Albany, NY. The two (2) owners of the pharmacy made headlines of their own as they were arrested for illegal distribution on February 27, 2007. (DiGiovanna, 2007) With sports players using the drugs, it’s making some fans cynical because they’re asking themselves, â€Å"How much has been achieved naturally?† (CBC, 2004) Over the past century, there have been several incidents/reported cases of drug use among athletes. Starting in 1904, an Olympic marathon winner, Thomas Hicks was using strychnine and brandy during the race. In 1960, a Danish cyclist, Knud Jensen, dies from a fractured skull after taking stimulates and crashing. In 1988, Ben Johnson, a Canadian sprinter, is banned for two years and stripped of his medal after testing positive for anabolic steroids. In 1992, a NFL defensive end dies. Lyle Alzado was 43. Although it’s not proven, taking muscle-enhancing drugs allegedly causes his cancer. (Murphy, 2007) Several more cases have made headlines as the years go by. Even with strict laws and rules, the use of performance-enhancing drugs still continues. With the headlines featuring big-named-athletes for things other than the longest home run, another win or this athlete or team can’t be defeated, kids that are looking up to these athletes may be influenced to follow in their favorite players footsteps. This could be very dangerous because some kinds are just looking to â€Å"fit in†! With the considerable amounts of risks and effects involved in using performance-enhancing drugs, the question has been brought up as to whether or not the drugs should be legalized. The legalization of the drugs would be for the sole purpose to gather information and â€Å"assess any increase in risk afforded by the use of drugs or technology, every performance-enhancing method needs to be studied.† (Kayser, 2005) Although it seems that the legalization of drugs is appealing, what would be the outcome of it all? Another question that needs to be asked is, â€Å"How addicting would the â€Å"testing methods† be?† Every little bit of a drug that is taken can be addicting and researchers want to risk a person(s) career, life and family? Would you be willing to risk it all for a drug research project? Trying to keep sports clean is a never ending race between drug testers and users. (CBC, 2004) With new technology and advances, it seems the use of drugs progresses and is never going to completely come to an end. Even with several cases of users dieing or having serious effects, it will still be a trend to use. After knowing all the effects, what the drugs are made of and some known incidents, would you take performance-enhancing drugs? References ( 2004, December 3). The inside dope. CBC Sports Online. A.P. (2007, January 26). NFL, players union agreed to implement stricter drug testing. Taipei Times, p 23. Anabolic steroid. (2007, March 18). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 19, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anabolic_steroidoldid=116125363 Androstenedione. (2007, March 14). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 19, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Androstenedioneoldid=115150214 Dehydroepiandrosterone. (2007, April 7). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved April 12, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dehydroepiandrosteroneoldid=121035897 DiConsiglio, J. (1999, April 26). Drugs sports. Scholastic Action, 22 (13), 4-4. Retrieved March 8, 2007, from EBSCOhost database. DiGiovanna, M. (2007, March 2). Silence sounds bad to angels (home ed.). Los Angeles Times, p D9. Doping (sport). (2007, April 9). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved April 9, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doping_%28sport%29oldid=121401525 G. HGH Human Growth Hormone Information. The Truth About HGH. Retrieved April 9, 2007, from truth-about-hgh.com/truth-about-hgh.html Gassman, R. (2007, February). Drug busters. Popular Science, 270 (2), 34-34. Retrieved March 14, 2007, from EBSCOhost database. Gynecomastia. (2007, March 18). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 19, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gynecomastiaoldid=116082298 Kayser, B., Mauron, A., Miah, A. (2005, December 17). Legalization of performance-enhancing drugs. (viewpoint). The Lancet, 366 (9503), p S21. Retrieved March 8, 2007, from Thomson Gale PowerSearch. LePage, M. (2006, August 19). Only drugs can stop the sports cheats: far from providing unfair advantage, drugs could make sports fairer- and safer too. New Scientists, 191 (2565), p 18. Mannie, K. (2006, October). Doping dà ©j vu. Coach and Athletic Director, p 13. Mika, E. (2007, February). Drug busters. Popular Science, 270 (2), 34-34. Retrieved March 14, 2007, from EBSCOhost database. Moore, T. (2007, March 3). Steroids raid casts wide net (mained.). The Atlanta Journal – Constitution, p D2. Murphy, J. (2007, March 1). A century of drugs and the athletes. USA Today, p 03c. Preboth, M. (2000, October 15). Cocaine abuse among athletes. American Family Physician, 62 (8), p 1918. Retrieved March 8, 2007, from Thomson Gale PowerSearch. Staudohar, P. D. (2005). Performance-enhancing drugs in baseball. Labor Law Journal, 56 (2), p 139-149. Retrieved March 14, 2007, from EBSCOhost database. Steroid. (2007, March 18). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 19, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steroidoldid=116058656 Research Papers on Performance-Enhancing Drugs In SportsThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseGenetic EngineeringIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsCapital PunishmentAnalysis Of A Cosmetics Advertisement

A Handy Guide to Words Starting with Mani-

A Handy Guide to Words Starting with Mani- A Handy Guide to Words Starting with Mani- A Handy Guide to Words Starting with Mani- By Mark Nichol Several English words are derived from the Latin term manus (the basis of manual), meaning â€Å"hand,† but many others are unrelated. Here’s a breakdown of which words starting with mani- have been handed down from Latin and which have differing etymologies. Manipulation is the act of handling something, although the word also has the weighted sense of controlling someone or something for one’s own purposes. The word, ultimately from Latin manipulus, stems from manipuler, a French term meaning â€Å"handle chemical apparatus.† The verb form is manipulate, the adjectival form is manipulative, and objects that can be manipulated (especially those used to teach counting and other math skills) are sometimes called manipulatives. Manifest is likely but not with certainty derived in part from manus. The original form in Latin, manifestus, referred to something flagrant or obvious but in English manifest retains only the second sense: something easy to recognize or understand or clearly shown or visible. That is the connotation of the historical term â€Å"Manifest Destiny,† referring to the principle that it was obvious that the United States was entitled to all the territory of North America extending to the Pacific coast from the nation’s then-current frontier. The verb form, also manifest, means â€Å"show clearly,† and manifest as a noun refers to an indication or to a list of passengers or an invoice of cargo. A related term is manifesto, an Italian word with a sense of denunciation, which came to be applied to policy statements and declarations of beliefs; the best known of these is Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels’s Communist Manifesto. In the military organization of the Roman Empire, a maniple, numbering 60 or 120 men, was the unit equivalent to a company in a modern army. The word, from the Latin term manipulus, meaning â€Å"handful,† perhaps alluded to the relatively small size of the unit compared to the empire’s basic tactical force, the legion, which consisted of thousands of men. (A similar unit is the century- centuria in Latin- based on the word denoting one hundred of something, hence our use of the term to refer to that many years; centurion was the word for an officer in command of such a unit.) Maniple also referred to a strip (literally a handful) of silk formerly worn by certain clerics during a Catholic mass. Manicure, meaning â€Å"treatment of the hand and fingernails,† is from Latin by way of French, as is the equivalent pedicure, based on the Latin root ped- (the basis of pedal, pedestrian, and many other words pertaining to feet). Manicotti, the word for a tube-shaped pasta and the dish made from it, is from the plural for the Italian word for muff, from Latin manica, meaning â€Å"sleeve,† which derives from manus. But mania, referring to a symptom of mental illness and by extension to excitement in general, though it came to us from Latin, is originally Greek in derivation, from menos, meaning â€Å"spirit.† And manifold, meaning â€Å"many† or â€Å"various,† is from Old English, and the first half of the word is simply an alteration of the older form of many. Other words not related to the Latin root include manikin, also spelled mannikin but usually styled in the French form mannequin, referring to a life-size model of a human body used for displaying clothing; the term is from the Dutch word for â€Å"little man,† and the first two spellings can also pertain to a dwarf or other small person. Another non-Latin word beginning with mani- is manioc, another name for cassava, a tropical plant whose root is the source of tapioca. (That word, and manioc, are derived from the language of a people indigenous to Brazil; cassava is based on a word of the Taino, native to the Caribbean region.) Yet another word that stems from a Native American language is manitou, referring to a supernatural force, from the Ojibwa (also called the Chippewa), who were based around the Great Lakes. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Words for Facial ExpressionsGrammar Quiz #21: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive ClausesDozen: Singular or Plural?

How does CRM help companies with their customers Term Paper

How does CRM help companies with their customers - Term Paper Example Thus, on the basis of such application of information, the store is able to offer its clientele targeted coupons and additional programs that will motivate its consumers to purchase more products from that store (Connick; Turban, Leidner and McLean). In addition, the customer relationship management is an information industry paradigm intended for software, methodologies and especially the Internet service that facilitates a company to manage customer relationships in a well-organized way (Williams; Turban, Leidner and McLean). This paper will discuss some of the important aspects of customer relationship management and how CRM help companies with their customers. The basic purpose of this research is to assess the potential influence of effective CRM policies, technologies and strategies for building better customer services for any business. Customer Relationship Management Systems In the past, the customers’ data were stored in various remote systems in a variety of functio nal departments, for instance, sales, finance, distribution, and marketing. On the other hand, the emergence of e-commerce created huge amounts of customer data that were not incorporated with the data in the service area of the information system. Thus, the CRM applications were created in an attempt to deal with these issues by offering information and tools to bring a better customer experience and to maximize the time customer value for an organization. Basically, the CRM puts together customers’ data from a variety of corporate departments, evaluate these data, and then offer the results to both customers and employees touch points. In this scenario, a customer touch point can be any method to communicate with the customer for instance, email, telephone or fax (Turban, Leidner and McLean; Stair and Reynolds). However, we will make a mistake if we consider the customer relationship management as simply a software system or solution. Without doubt, customer relationship ma nagement can offer the companies a wide variety of tools and techniques to effectively manage and monitor clients. However, CRM is as well a viewpoint, a strategic method for recognizing the requirements of the organization’s customers. In fact, the effective management of a customer’s requirements directs toward customer satisfaction. In addition, if an organization does not link itself with the trends of always growing marketplace, not expecting and responding to its customers, it fails to survive. In addition, a business is not able to construct preference for a product if its customers’ requirements and desires are not precisely understood and satisfied. In this scenario, in the approved manner implemented CRM solutions can be an influential tool that businesses can utilize to build brand preference, and make their customers happy (SageAsiaPac). The Applications of CRM Systems The majority of CRM applications and service packages exist to help organizations manage the customer relationship process. In fact, salespeople are likely to consider of these computer applications as the be-all and end-all of customer relationship management. On the other hand, customer relationship management has at the present turned into a great deal broader as compared to a computer; actually, it has been present in one form or another

Paper topics must be relevant to business ethics Essay

Paper topics must be relevant to business ethics - Essay Example The case of Wal-Mart’s recent bribery allegations in Mexico particularly raised the question of whether bribing public officials should be justified from ethical or economic point of view. On the other hand, Lindsey Manufacturing has also been recently accused of engaging engaged in a corporate bribery scandal worth millions of dollars with the Mexican utility electric company but it is alleged to have bribed the employees of the later to win contracts. Despite the controversy of bribery and the potential risk of heavy penalties, corporate bribery remains a common practice in many parts of the world. Many governments particularly in the Latin America, Asia and the Middle East are still unable to protect their citizens from the potential abuse of public resources that may arise due to corporate bribery. However, due to different cultural perceptions, there are a number of grey areas when dealing with the issue of bribery in business organizations. For example, it is often difficult to differentiate legitimate political donations or gifts to a business partner from bribes. Many multinational companies working in such areas often use various forms of bribery as a way of competing with other corporate organizations in the particular countries. Some of the advantage of corporate bribery includes hefty profits for companies, better relationships with foreign officials, and achieving business gains without need for superior services or products. There are a number of reasons why it should be impermissible for U.S companies to engage in Bribery in Countries that permit such Acts. Despite the numerous benefits and profits that come with bribery as well as the costs of not engaging in it in countries that permit it, bribery is against the universal fundamental business ethics and should not be tolerated due to the following reasons. One of the reasons for the claim is that the payment of crimes and other corruption deals by corporations

Foundations of Behavior Essay Example for Free

Foundations of Behavior Essay The field of psychology is expanding and credit is due to the numerous research studies being conducted. These research studies utilize different methods and each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, five popular research methods will be compared based on their characteristics, objectives, strengths and weaknesses, research techniques, validity, and reliability. These research methods are case study, naturalistic observation, survey research, correlational research, and the experimental method. The case study is a focused study on a person or a specific group or a particular situation. Its research design involves five components, which are the study questions, the propositions, the units of analysis, the logic linking the data to the propositions, and the criteria for interpreting the findings (Tellis, 1997). Case studies have varying purposes. Some case studies are conducted to either confirm or challenge an existing theory, while others are carried out to describe either a special or an extreme case. A case study obtains information from documents (letters and newspapers), archival records (service records, survey data), interviews, direct observation (done when field visits are needed), participant-observation, and physical artifacts (instruments and tools). One of the most established techniques in case studies is called pattern-matching, in which the data is linked to propositions. The reliability of case studies is relatively high, especially when protocols are established. However, validity, especially construct validity, sometimes becomes questionable because the researcher might be subjective in his decisions and interpretations. This can be minimized by utilizing multiple sources, by setting up a chain of evidence, and by asking major informants to review a draft of the case study. The common criticism against case studies is that its results cannot be used to arrive at generalizations. But the greatest strength of case studies is that it can present an in-depth and holistic knowledge about a particular situation, group, or person. The naturalistic observation is unique from all other types of observation in that the researcher does not hinder, interrupt or influence the environment being studied. One of the vital things to consider in conducting naturalistic observation is to record as much detail as possible, which includes smell, sound, taste, time, place, number of participants, and feelings. This is why journals and a variety of writing materials are utilized. But the use of any recording device, such as video cameras, is not allowed because it violates the privacy of the observed individual. The reliability of this research method relies on the accuracy of observation. One technique of increasing reliability is to have several observers (Hesse, 2003). The greatest advantage of naturalistic observation is that it is considerably less expensive than other methods. But, the subjects being studied may act differently because of their awareness of the presence of the observer. This will significantly reduce the validity of the results (Piercy, 2007). The survey research is characterized by its major means of collecting information. The researcher usually goes out and asks questions. The questions can be oral or in written form. And the respondents can be chosen in many ways. Some respondents are chosen at random while others must possess certain characteristics. For example, if a survey research is about elementary teachers, then a high school teacher will not be asked to answer the questionnaire. The techniques involved in survey research lie in the analysis of the collected data. The reliability and validity of survey research are affected by several factors, such as the quality of the sets of questions or the questionnaire, the amount of data collected, and the accuracy in using measures of central tendencies and variability. Ideally, the questionnaire must be standardized. Greater reliability and validity is achieved if the sample represents a greater part of the total population. One advantage of the survey method is that it is relatively cheap and easy. Unfortunately, it is also subject to human error and biases (Government of Saskatchewan, 2002). The correlational research is essentially the discovery of a relationship between two variables. Unlike the previously described methods, correlational research is quantitative in nature. The different techniques used in a correlational research are regression and prediction, multiple regression, factor analysis, and systems analysis (Davis, 2004). The greatest advantage of using this method is that its results can be used to formulate predictions and generalizations. This is due to the nature of the research techniques. But the greatest danger of this method is to over-generalize. It must be remembered that an established relationship between two variables does not mean a cause-effect relationship between them. If a researcher wanted to establish a cause-effect relationship, then the research method to use is the experimental method. Similar to the correlational research, it is concerned with variables, which can be either independent or dependent variables. The independent variables are usually manipulated so that there will be two groups being studied, the experimental group and the control group. These two groups have the same characteristics except for that one variable which is being tested. The difference between these two groups can be found in the dependent variable. The reliability of this method is increased by conducting the same experiment for several times. Its validity lies in the accuracy of the procedures and the careful handling and analysis of results. The greatest advantage of the experimental method is that it can present an explanation to a certain phenomenon. But it takes great skill and experience on the part of the researcher in order to conduct a good research experiment. One problem of experimental method is the issue of ethics in conducting experiments using human subjects. Any of these research methods can be utilized to examine an issue or phenomenon in psychology. The basis of choice usually depends on the goal of the research. The task of the researcher is to maximize the advantages and minimize the disadvantages of the chosen method. Bibliography Davis, J. (2004). Correlational research methods. Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://clem. mscd. edu/~davisj/prm2/correl1. html Government of Saskatchewan. (2002). Psychology 20: Social Psychology: A Curriculum Guide for the Secondary Level. Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://www. sasked. gov. sk. ca/docs/social/psych20/support_materials/faqnaturalistic_observation. htm Hesse, B. E. (2003). Issues in naturalistic observation. Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://psyc. csustan. edu/bhesse/psy2020/Lectures/Fall03/p2020U2L5. pdf Piercy, J. (2007). Research methods. Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://courses. cvcc. vccs. edu/Psychology_Piercy/research_methods1. htm Tellis, W. (1997). Introduction to case study. The Qualitative Report. 3(2). Retrieved October 12, 2007 at http://www. nova. edu/ssss/QR/QR3-2/tellis1. html

The Praying Mantis Essay -- essays research papers

The Praying Mantis (Mantis Religiosa) Contents Introduction Classes First Things First Key Features Basic Features Diet & Combat Style Reproduction Growth & Development Self-Defense Cultural Significance Praying Mantis Kung-Fu INTRODUCTION "Praying Mantis" is the name commonly used in English speaking countries to refer to a large, much elongated, slow-moving insect with fore legs fitted for seizing and holding insect prey. The name, "Praying Mantis" more properly refers to the specific Mantid species Mantis Religiosa or the European Mantis, but typically is used more generally to refer to any of the mantid family. The name is derived from the prayer-like position in which the insect holds its long, jointed front legs while at rest or waiting for prey. It is also called the "preying" mantis because of its predatory nature. CLASSES Many questions have risen regarding the praying mantis. Such questions include how many different species there are in the animal kingdom. Estimates range from 1500 to 2200 different mantid species WORLDWIDE. The most common figure given, though, is about 1800. The ways the Mantid's are classified in the Animal Kingdom. There is agreement that the collection of mantid species make up the Mantidae family of insects. The Mantidae family, in turn, is part of the order/suborder Mantodea that includes a variety of mantid-like species. But the existing literature does not reflect a clear consensus about what insect order Mantodea belong in. Some have placed Mantodea in the Dictyoptera Order-with the roaches. Others place Mantodea in the Orthoptera Order-with crickets and grasshoppers. Finally, some believe that Mantodea constitute their own independent order of insects. There seems to be an emerging consensus around this position. FIRST THINGS FIRST The Mantis Religiosa was first named such and classified by the inventor of the modern system of biological taxonomy Carolus Linnaeus. The three common species of mantids in North America are the European mantis (Mantis religiosa), the Chinese mantis (Tenodera aridifolia sinensis), and the Carolina mantis (Stagmomantis carolina) distinguishing features of these three species: Size The Chinese mantis is the largest of the three, reaching lengths of three to five inches. The European mantis, however, is a little sm... ...s while striving for food and existence did not reveal us its secrets, we would never develop this new style." The abbot replied: "You are right! In order to perpetuate the memory of the source, we shall call this style "The Gates of Praying Mantis" (Tang Lang Men). Wang Lang and the abbot developed twelve characters - guiding principles of the praying mantis fighting technique: zhan (contacting), nian (sticking), bang (linking), tie (pressing), lai (intruding), jiao (provoking), shun (moving along), song (sending), ti (lifting), na (grabbing), feng (blocking), bi (locking). Also they developed formal sets of praying mantis technique, such as: Beng bu (crushing step), Lan jie (obstruction), Ba zhou (eight elbows), Mei hua lu (plum blossom technique) and Bai yuan tou tao (white ape steals the peach). However, this new style for a long time was a privilege of the taoist monks of the Lao Shan taoist religious community and it was kept as a part of the secret taoist doctrine and closed to lay people. Wang Lang, for the rest of his days, lived in the taoist temple practicing self cultivation, developing Praying Mantis boxing and following the way of the Tao..."

Information System Briefing

Information system briefing By Adrienne Williams Healthcare Information systems HCS/483 10/16/12 Instructor Dionne Mahaffey Introduction In this information system briefing I will be discussing the process of researching and selecting Good information systems, when selecting a system you must always know the goal of the organization. mainly how this change can affect the stakeholders selection process. This system is distinct by way of an electrical form of communicating information (American Heritage Dictionary).In studies it’s clear to see the theory of information systems is just shared ideas and information; telecommunication though a computer. This type of technology has become very valuable when it comes to teaching and learning material system modules for any organization. In most accomplishment the general point of the project rest on having a system in place that can implementing a plan to meet the necessities of the healthcare Manufacturing business world today. Appl ying an information system is always a difficult task. It’s very significant to select a system that will benefit the organization accomplishments.Information Systems Briefing In many cases when it comes to healthcare organization being up to speed with the latest technology can and will help offer top notch patient care services. Most organization who are up to date has an department dedicated to information system it is in place to safeguard the technology up to the standards it needs to be. Updating this type of technology can be a bit of a challenge. The company always has a team of people to organize the information must choose the best technology for them to achieve the goals that are set for the company.Stakeholders are involved in every part of the planning and the setting up of the goals if the organization if the stakeholders do not know the steps about the information system technology they won’t know what’s taking place. Once goals are set into place it’s no longer difficult to choose the right information system. Part of the process of getting the system to work correctly for the company can be completed however it’s quite lengthy. The selection of a new healthcare information system (HIS) has been known to be overwhelming process for most clinicians.If the company can prevent any past mistakes of other companies that have tried but failed that will be of lessons learned. What’s to keep in mind is number of collaborators involved in electronic healthcare interventions. It’s identified and classified by five categories: data management, data creation, data sharing, modules management and data presentation. When reading what needs to be done in the selection of obtaining an information system, it is set in place to be how the organization will begin. Then the research for the right system the organization has picked is done.While doing the research, everyone involved should understand be able to under stand the technology before it is introduces to the entire organization (kim, king, & Brown, 2010). The ones who the team always aim to impress is the stakeholders, with that being said the all teams will have to exhibit the main topics to the stakeholders before applying this system into the organization. When implementing the system another important part of the research is for the shareholders to understand the process for this system, (Martin, Sargent, Naomi, & Swiernik, 2011). The cost is another portion that must go to the stakeholders.Closing When strategic planning is finished, the motivation for every person involved has increased and it built a shared vision to see the success of the project. When the members of the team have great communication that is what makes the key to a successful project. The members of the vision ,clarity, and good performance measures all play a role. Reference page Romanow, Darryl; Sunyoung Cho; Straub, Detmar. MIS Quarterly. Sep2012, Vol. 36 Is sue 3, piii-A18. 26p. 24 Charts, 2 Graphs. Paschali, Kallirroi; Tsakona, Anna; Health Science Journal, 2012 Jul-Sep; 6 (3): 418-31 (journal article – algorithm, review) ISSN: 1108-7366

Banana

The time and temperature change of the reaction are graphed to identify the hanged in enthalpy and entropy that took place as the melted substance solidifies. Using the data we can then predict the change in free energy, GAG . Keyword's: Entropy, Enthalpy, Free energy, naphthalene II. Introduction Enthalpy, H, is a thermodynamic property of a system. It is defined as the sum of internal energy U of a system and the product of the pressure and volume of the system: H = IS+UP The UP term represents the mechanical work done on or by the system.Since we are usually more interested in changes than in absolute values, we could write H = + up Entropy, S, is an another thermodynamic property. Which we can consider as a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. An ordered system has low entropy. A disordered system has high entropy AS equals the heat transferred between the system and Its surroundings divided by T: AS = Q/T = H/T Enthalpy and entropy are different quantities. Entropy has the units of heat, Joules. Entropy has the units of heat divided by temperature, Joules per Kelvin.In this experiment, the group would Like to compare the entropy, AS and enthalpy, AH by monitoring the temperature & time during phase change of a melted naphthalene to reeking point. And using the data to predict LEG. Ill. Experimental Section Prepare 250 ml of half full tap water In a beaker to be placed In a ring stand, light the Bunsen burner to begin heating of water. In a large test tube fill half full of thread at the end of the test tube to let it hang in an iron clamp. Place the test tube into the beaker of hot water .Notice the melting of solid crystals. Carefully remove the water bath apparatus and burner from beneath the test tube and begin recording the temperature every after 30 sec, until the naphthalene passes the reeking point of molecules. IV. Results and Discussion Initial Room Temp: 34 c Temperature vs.. Time Based from the results the naphthalene freezes at 84 0 seconds in 77. 8 degrees Celsius. Freezing reaction is an exothermic process; energy is lost from the water and dissipated to the surroundings.Therefore, as the surroundings get hotter, they are gaining more energy and thus the entropy of the surroundings is increasing. During the process of melting naphthalene, the reaction is said to be endothermic because the system absorbs the energy from its surroundings. The relationship between the mime and temperature is inversely proportional as the time increase the temperature decreases. The Gibbs Free Energy of reaction (G) is an indicator of reaction spontaneity.Obeying the Entropy change and enthalpy change together influence the spontaneity of a chemical reaction. A spontaneous process is capable of proceeding in a given direction without needing to be driven by an outside source of energy. In Second law of thermodynamics, the naturally occurring reactions always move toward a state of lower potential energy. Thus, a reaction with a negative delta applied during the reaction. A reaction that is spontaneous is always accompanied by the net release of free energy (energy available to do useful work).However, some spontaneous reactions require added energy to get started. The energy they finally release includes both this added energy and the calculated free energy of the reaction. V. Conclusion The cooling the reaction is said to be spontaneous because there is no heat applied during the process and enthalpy seemed to be the dominating factor in fingernails. The spontaneity of the process appears to be associated with a highly ordered yester going to a less-ordered, uniform state.

Legislative Brief Essays - Prevention Of Corruption Act, Bribery

Legislative Brief Essays - Prevention Of Corruption Act, Bribery Legislative Brief The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013 The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013 was introduced in the Rajya Sabha on August 19, 2013. It was referred to the Standing Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law and Justice on August 23, 2013. The Committee submitted its Report on February 6, 2014. Recent Briefs: The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Bill, 2013 June 10, 2014 The Civil Aviation Authority of India Bill, 2013 March 29, 2014 Prianka Rao [emailprotected] July 23, 2014 Highlights of the Bill The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013 amends the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Act covers the offence of giving a bribe to a public servant under abetment. The Bill makes specific provisions related to giving a bribe to a public servant, and giving a bribe by a commercial organisation. The Bill redefines criminal misconduct to only cover misappropriation of property and possession of disproportionate assets. The Bill modifies the definitions and penalties for offences related to taking a bribe, being a habitual offender and abetting an offence. Powers and procedures for the attachment and forfeiture of property of public servants accused of corruption have been introduced in the Bill. The Act requires prior sanction to prosecute serving public officials. The Bill extends this protection to former officials. Key Issues and Analysis The Bill makes giving a bribe a specific offence. There are diverging views on whether bribe giving under all circumstances must be penalised. Some have argued that a coerced bribe giver must be distinguished from a collusive bribe giver. The Bill has deleted the provision that protects a bribe giver from prosecution, for any statement made by him during a corruption trial. This may deter bribe givers from appearing as witnesses in court. The Bill has replaced the definition of criminal misconduct. It now requires that the intention to acquire assets disproportionate to income also be proved, in addition to possession of such assets. Thus, the threshold to establish the offence of possession of disproportionate assets has been increased by the Bill. By redefining the offence of criminal misconduct, the Bill does not cover circumstances where the public official: (i) uses illegal means, (ii) abuses his position, or (iii) disregards public interest and obtains a valuable thing or reward for himself or another person. Under the Act, the guilt of the person is presumed for the offences of taking a bribe, being a habitual offender or abetting an offence. The Bill amends this provision to only cover the offence of taking a bribe. PRS Legislative Research Institute for Policy Research Studies 3rd Floor, Gandharva Mahavidyalaya 212, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg New Delhi 110002 Tel: (011) 43434035-36, 23234801-02 www.prsindia.org The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013PRS Legislative Research PART A: HIGHLIGHTS OF THE BILL1 Context Currently, offences related to corrupt practices of public officials are regulated by the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 covers taking a bribe, criminal misconduct and mandates prior government sanction to prosecute a public official. In 2008, an amendment Bill was introduced which included provisions related to extending prior sanction for prosecution to former public officials, and the attachment of property of corrupt public officials. However, that Bill lapsed.2 In 1999, the Law Commission of India recommended that a separate Bill related to forfeiture of property of corrupt public officials be introduced.3 In 2007, the report of the Second Administrative Reforms Commission recommended that the Act be amended to include bribe giving as an offence, limit prior sanction for prosecution to certain cases, and provide for the attachment of property of public officials accused of corruption.4 In 2011, India ratified the United Nations Convention against Corruption, and agreed to bring its domestic laws in line with the Convention. The UN Convention covers giving and taking a bribe, illicit enrichment and possession of disproportionate assets by a public servant as offences, addresses bribery of foreign public officials, and bribery in the private sector.5 The Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Bill, 2013 was introduced in Parliament in August 2013. The Bill amends the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The Bill provides for the offence of giving a bribe by individuals and organisations, extends the requirement of prior sanction for prosecution to former public officials and covers attachment and forfeiture of property.

How to Resolve and Solve Problems

How to Resolve and Solve Problems A great skill to have is the ability to solve problems specifically interpersonal and behavioral problems,   effectively. At the same time it is also a great skill to teach students. There are a few key requirements to resolving problems collaboratively.   Both inside and outside the classroom teachers deal with problems, and knowing how to resolve problems, either conflict between students, with students or with parents, require following some steps.   Here are the steps to becoming an more effective problem solver. Heres How: Understand why the problem exists. What is the actual root cause for the problem? If you know something about why the problem exists, youll have a better time of resolving the problem. Lets take the example of a child who doesnt want to come to school. Before you can help identify a solution, it is important to find out why the child doesnt want to come to school. Perhaps bullying is occurring on the bus or in the halls. One of the first steps to effectively solve problems, is delving into the root cause of the problem.Be able to clearly identify the problem and the obstacles that the problem presents. All too often when attempting to address a problem, those problems surrounding the principal cause are considered rather than identifying and resolving the root problem.   Clearly state the problem and what obstacles the problem presents to you. Again, the child who doesnt want to come to school has the problem of it having a negative impact on his/her academic success.Once you have clearly stated the problem, you need to understand what you have control over and what you dont. Your efforts to resolve the problem must be within the areas where you have control. You may not have control whether a child comes to school, but you do have control over dealing with the bully who is creating the barrier to the child not wanting to attend school. Solving problems must focus on the things which you can control. Do you have all the information you need? Solving problems is often like becoming involved in investigations. Have you thoroughly researched why the problem exists? Do you have all the information you need? If not, be persistent and seek out all information before tackling the problem.Dont jump to conclusions. Once you have all of your information, analyze it carefully and look at it from various viewpoints. Be as objective as possible and dont be quick to judge. Remain judgement free as much as possible. This is a time for you to use your critical thinking skills.Now determine your options for solutions. How many options do you have? Are you sure? Which options seem reasonable? Have you weighed the pros and cons of your options? Are there any limitations to your options? Are some options better than others and why? Are there advantages and disadvantages you need to take into consideration?You should now be ready to act. A well thought out strategy/solution is now in place. However, what is your plan to monitor its outcome? How will you know that your solution is working? Once your solution is in place, it is important to monitor and evaulate the outcome regularly. In SummaryYou can use this approach to many of the challenges that arise in your classroom. A child who wont comply, a parent who is unhappy with their childs IEP, an educational assistant with whom you are having some conflict with. The strategies used in this problem solving plan are merely good life long skills to have. Tips: Clearly state the problem.Know what the obstacles are related to the problem.Determine what you have control over and what you dont.Make sure you have ALL the information you need.Identify all of your options and implement the best option for a solution.

Students need to produce an industry report, (BMW) highlighting their Essay

Students need to produce an industry report, (BMW) highlighting their research on the industry, the main players, their understanding of trends and their suitability - Essay Example activity vehicles; and innovative features such as, dynamic stability control or the integrated driving system introduced by BMW, known as the I-Drive (Fleischmann, Ferber and Henrich, 2006). The growing demands of customers for individual configuration specifically in premium cars have made automobile companies like, BMW, to come up with creative ideas so as to stand apart in this fierce competition and gain significant competitive advantage. Alongside the classical markets in North America, Europe and Japan, newer markets such as, China and the Eastern Europe, are also emerging. The product life cycle in emerging markets are supposed to be dissimilar from the one that is witnessed in already developed markets. This provides big opportunities for companies like, BMW, to sell models, which have been discontinued in the established markets, in these relatively newer markets. BMW has been implementing effective strategies in order to set up their production sites throughout the globe for bringing their production closer to markets and thus, satisfy growing needs and demands of the customer base. This has enabled them to accrue benefits by attaining country specific advantages. Example of such advantages attained by the company include incentives for investments and accessibility to cheap labour that they have obtained by gaining entry into emerging markets such as, India and China (Fleischmann, Ferber and Henrich, 2006). This study involves a thorough analysis of BMW’s strategic management. The following sections will discuss BMW’s strategic planning aspects and their business model will be subsequently explained. Thereafter, the company’s understanding of current trend in the industry will be explained. The report will also include Porter’s five forces analysis of the automobile manufacturer and lastly, a recommendation will be provided. The BMW Group headquartered in Munich, Germany, is primarily engaged in the manufacturing and sales of BMW, Rolls Royce

Freedom of Movement in EU Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Freedom of Movement in EU - Essay Example Signed in 1992, the Maastricht Treaty provides that European citizenship confers on every European citizen a fundamental and personal right to move and reside freely without reference to an economic activity. The Treaty also provides for additional active and passive voting rights in European and local elections. Diplomatic and consular protection is also enhanced by giving the right to EU citizens to ask for the help of any Member State represented in a third Country if his/her own Member State is not represented there. Treaty of Amsterdam enforced on May 1999, extended the citizens rights and obligations by introducing a clause allowing EU institutions to take measures against discrimination on the grounds of sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. It reinforced the free movement of people by integrating the Schengen Convention into the Treaty. This also affirmed the commitment of each Member State to raise the quality and free access to education at national level to the highest level of knowledge possible with, in particular, the view to tackling unemployment. In 2001, the Treaty of Nice was sign facilitating legislation related to free movement and residence by introducing qualified majority for the decision-making in the European Council. The legal basis for the Freedom of movement for persons in the European Union is: Article 14 (7a) ECT: establishing the internal market, which includes the free movement of persons. Article 18 (8a) ECT: Union citizens have the right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States. Article 61 (73i) et seq: new Title IV, 'Visas, asylum, immigration and other policies related to free movement of persons'. The objectives for the Freedom of movement for persons and the abolition of controls at internal frontiers form part of the internal market in which it is not possible for internal frontiers to exist or for individuals to be hampered in their movements. Since its inception, the concept of the free movement of persons has changed in meaning so that while the first provisions on the subject referred merely to the free movement individuals considered as economic agents, either as employees or providers of services, it has gradually widened to take on a more general meaning connected with the idea of Union citizenship, independent of any economic activity or distinctions of nationality. This currently applies to nationals of third countries as abolition of control at internal borders allows people movements that could no longer be checked for nationality. The freedom of movement applies to goods, persons, services and capital, the so-called "four freedoms" but specifically under

Science News Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Science News - Article Example However, in Asimov’s words, the future is not safeguarded and humanity is staring at disaster. This is evident in issues of overpopulation, global warming, and inter-ethnic conflicts that threaten existence itself. Overall, a belief in an interesting future remains the only gateway to a pleasurable life. There are equally scientists who have attempted to defy norms that have been considered taboos. For instance, the story of the tycoon who attempted to defy gravity is the best case study. In the movie Gravity, two spacecraft astronauts try to oppose the gravitational pull occasioned by severe orbital altitudes. Unfortunately, the phenomenon of inverse square law weakens gravity but still, does not after the effects of the gravitational force (Johnson 1). Likewise, the strength of gravity on terra firma is a huge phenomenon that accounts for more than 13 percent when assessed from the International Space Station. It, therefore, concludes that the actors in Gravity would depart space at the speed of 17,000 mile per hour. Astronomy faces a hazy future if the right plans are not implemented to safeguard most its gains over the last centuries. According to Dennis Overbye, the foundation of the Lick Observatory marks the beginning of a collaborative initiative with the University of California to collect $700,000 in the acquisition of bigger telescopes. On that account, the purchase of the Thirty-Meter Telescope has resulted to acrimony amongst astronomers who fear that the Observatory maybe closed. It implies that they would lose valuable educational and research tools that have shaped astronomy in the institution for many years (Overbye 1). Similarly, Telescopes at Lick were instrumental in the research on dark energy that earned the university the Nobel Prize in 2011. Therefore, a move to interfere with its operations is tantamount to suppressing the success of adaptive

Looking At The Exploitation Of Women To Men English Literature Essay

Looking At The Exploitation Of Women To Men English Literature Essay Selden states that, Rhys presents the idea of a woman as an imprisoned victim oppressed by the standards and ideals prevailing in the patriarchal, phallogecentric society dominated by the male form of logos, language (selden139). Rhys female protagonist is the victim of domination and humiliation due to the system of patriarchal and colonial oppression which is prevalent in England and Jamaica. In Wide Sargasso Sea Jean Rhys reveals patriarchal power as dominating and unhealthy. These patriarchal power structures are present in economic, legal, family and educational systems in Rhyss novel. This patriarchal power affects the lives of all the characters in Rhyss novel because they all belong to a patriarchal society. This is the story of Antoinettes Cosway who is isolated by her Victorian husband who locked her up and drives her mad. She is left alone by her husband in the patriarchal society and become helpless and trapped like a ship struck in Sargasso Sea by the British. Through her portrayal of female characters in her novel, Rhys exposes how women are legally and financially dependent on men around them. When we consider the situation of Antoinettes mother, Annette, who is economically dependent upon men, we can at once notice that in patriarchal society economic inequality exist. When Annettes first husband died, she thinks that her second marriage is the chance for her to escape from her life at Coulibri where she is rejected by blacks because of her Creole heritage and may be able to retrieve status among her peers. Maria olaussen states that, Annette signifies the gender ideology in the patriarchal economic system, since she need to be provided for by men. She uses her beauty as her only means to compete with other women in search for English protection and economic support (Olausen103). When Wide Sargasso Sea was written it was that time when marriage was considered as a mean to get economic support. Antoinette is not able to free herself from Rochesters brutality and cruelty because she has no financial independence. All of the money was given to her husband, Mr. Rochester when she married him. In Victorian times, there was a law that women could not held property in their names, even if they inherited that property from their parents. It was still in the custody of their husbands. Patriarchal law prohibits women from inheriting money if there is a son in the family, the inheritance runs in the male line. Mr. Masons son, Richard Mason, represents patriarchal law, since, he after his fathers death, become the lawful provider and protector of Antoinette. He makes her decisions and arranges her marriage to Mr. Rochester, without consent (olaussen108-9). The feminist Mary Wollstonecraft, who wrote in 1972 about patriarchal education systems in Vindications of the Rights of women, questioned why only men were prepared for professions and not women. She believed that, this was the reason for womens needs for marriage; they had to marry in order to be economically supported (wollstonecraft150). But Jean Rhys in Wide Sargasso Sea denies Wollstonecraft theories in one aspect, that marriage with Antoinette is necessary for Mr. Rochester because he will not inherit from his father as he is the youngest son in the family. By marrying Antoinette, he saves her wealth and in this way she becomes completely economically dependent upon Mr. Rochester. In the patriarchal family structures of Victorian era, father has authority over his wife and his children. Women and children are legally and economically dependent upon their fathers or husbands. Mr. Rochester uses his patriarchal power to drive Antoinette crazy. She is dependent upon him because of the patriarchal power structures in society (both legally and economically) and therefore, it is not possible for her to leave Mr. Rochester. In Wide Sargasso Sea, marriage increases the wealth of men by allowing them power to possess their wives inheritance. If we critically examine the condition of Annette and Antoinette womanhood is similar to a kind of child like dependence on the nearest men. In fact, it is the dependence that contributes to the tragic end of both Annette and Antoinette. Both women marry white English men in the hopes of assuaging their fears as vulnerable outsiders, but both men betray and abandon them. As Teresa OConnor puts it, the level of betrayal ranges from the cultural and historical implicit in the relationship between blacks and whites to the familical and filial levels. In Wide Sargasso Sea, it appears that the one quality of Antoinette that best express her through out the novel is her dependency in others. From her friendship with Tia, to her marriage with Rochester, Antoinette is just in search for happiness. After the burning down of her house by the slaves in part one, Antoinette has no one in her life, and she is all alone. Her brother Perrie dies and her mother gets mad, therefore, she marries Rochester because she wants to feel safe again. She needs someone to protect her from the ill-treatment that her mother experiences through out her life as a single woman. You are safe, Id say. Shed like that-to be told you are safe. Or Id touch her gently and touch her tears (pg.78). These lines from Mr. Rochester shows that Antoinette wants to be feel safe and secure. Since Rhys is a West-Indian, she wants to reveal a truth about the limit of literary standards that supposes a shared white heritage in its audience. She draws an unflattering picture of patriarchal society in the characterization of Mr. Mason. When Annette describes the troubles of her sisters married life to and specially describes her husbands oppressive and dominating behavior to Mr. Mason, his answer to Annette was, thats her story. I dont believe it. He successfully and unsympathetically silences the Creole womens voice. Rhys wanted to give voice to this silent woman and raise this silent women voice in her novel Wide Sargasso Sea. In patriarchal society the man is the superior and educated being. Mr. Rochester gets irritated by Antoinette when he tries to teach her about England and she denies the beauty of industrialized England in comparison with West Indies. Is it true, she said, that England is like a dream? Well, I answered annoyed, that is precisely how your beautiful island seems to me, quite unreal and like a dream. But how can rivers and mountains and the sea be unreal? And how can millions of people, their houses and their streets be unreal? More easily, she said, much more easily. Yes a big city must be like a dream (pg67) Mr. Rochester feels embarrassment in accepting his wifes superior knowledge about the West Indies, as he is completely a Victorian, patriarchal Englishman. Antoinette tries to teach about the nature and life of West Indies because he is a new comer in her island. But Mr. Rochester is that kind of a person who believes that to be taught by a woman is a sign of weakness and inferiority. He belongs to that category of men who wants to maintain their superiority over women. This is the reason that Mr. Rochester opposes his wifes concepts about England and West Indies. The patriarchal educational system of the 18th century was criticized by Mary Wollstonecraft, who wrote that men preserved womens innocence by keeping them ignorant (131). If she was a child she was not a stupid child but an obstinate one. She often questioned me about England and listened attentively to my answers, but I was certain that nothing I said made much difference. Her mind was already made up. Some romantic novel, a star remark never forgotten, a sketch, a picture, a song, a waltz, some note of music, and her ideas were fixed. About England and about Europe. I could not change them and probably nothing would. Reality might discontent her, bewilder her, hurt her, but it would not be reality. It would be only a mistake, a misfortune, a wrong path taken, her fixed ideas would never change. Nothing that I told her influenced her at all (pg78). This statement shows that Antoinettes resistance in his attempt to educate her annoys him. He feels that he can not influence her thoughts and ideas. Thus, he is scared to accept his lack of knowledge because it would lead to his loss of control over her. Teresa F. O Connor explains that Mr. Rochester, who comes from the male-identified England, is protected by Antoinette when he lives in her female identified West Indies. I agree with Teresa F. O Connor that their roles are reversed and that Mr. Rochester is afraid of finding himself in a female role in a female world (148-49). Personal tragedies which are founded in patriarchal societies are expressed through dramatization, imagery and characterization right from the opening pages. All the characters in Wide Sargasso Sea are imprisoned in patriarchal social structure and it lead to their tragic end. In suggesting, the common working of fascism, racism and bourgeois patriarchy, the persecutory power of the modern religion of intolerance (carr12). Rhys echoes Virginia Woolf, who argued in Three Guineas that, patriarchy, racism, pomposity, militarism, economic exploitation, autocracy and fascism are all part of the same process (carr51). Rhys reveals the hidden working of patriarchy by explaining how both Antoinette and Rochester are trapped and conditioned by the dominant patriarchal law. The marriage of Antoinette and Rochester is set in the patriarchal world. If we read Wide Sargasso Sea on deeper level we can see that Rochesters marriage to Antoinette is parallel to a business contract. His statement that, I will trust you if you trust me? Would appear to demonstrate that he does not want to give the unconditional security and love which she desires. However, by uttering the line, is it a bargain? It gives us a clue that what are the real motives of Rochester for marrying Antoinette. Everyone knows that Bargain is an economic term and it does not exist in the marriage of two people. But this marriage is like a bargain for Rochester, because he is able to gain wealth which he desired for and Antoinette is able to feel safe after all the sufferings which she faces in part one of the Wide Sargasso Sea. Rhys portrays Rochester as a person who implies the patriarchal set of laws (sexism, colonialism, the English law and the law which the patriarchal society imposes and which creates sanity and insanity) that trapped Antoinette Cosway. Both the female characters Annette and Antoinette are sexually exploited in this patriarchal world. Men in the patriarchal society can be seen as tyrants having every right to deprive women from their innocence. They demoralized womens sexuality and innocence in the same way as falcon hunts its prey. As Rhys writes, the men did as they liked. The women-never. In Wide Sargasso Sea, Rhys illustrates that men consider women as a pieces of sexual pleasure. They take women for granted and consider them as a life less creature, not having feelings and emotions like a doll. The most important episode in the novel is the scene of Antoinettes mother with the black man. It also contains the motifs of race and sex which are central in the novel. As Antoinette says in the text remembering the helplessness and pain of her mother, I remember the dress she was wearing-an evening dress cut very low, and she was barefooted. There was a fat black man with a glass of rum in his hand. He said drink it and you will forget. She drank it without stopping. I saw his mouth fasten on hers and she went all soft and limp in his arms and he laughed. This incident happened when Annette was under the take care of black couple. After the burning down of her house and death of her son Perrie she starts exhibiting the signs of emotionally unbalanced woman. Therefore, Mr. Mason assigned black couple to take care of her. This scene depicts the subjugation of women by male authority in a patriarchal world. This scene has also its roots grounded in racial conflicts. The mothers dreadful condition is clearly the result of revenge on the owners of Coulibri by the black slaves. After the emancipation act black slaves wants to take revenge on their ex-slaves owners because of the brutal treatment which they receive from the hands of white people. In Victorian society, men treat women cruelly. They think women are only there for them to provide sexual pleasures. Antoinette and Rochesters marriage can be seen in this perspective. Mr. Rochester only appreciates Antoinette for her external beauty. I wonder why I never realized how beautiful she was. This statement shows that Mr. Rochester is only sexually attracted towards his wife. He has only a sexual lust for her and this yearn does not show a true feeling of love for her. Even Mr. Rochester confesses this kind of feeling for her wife. He states, I did not love her. I was thirsty for her, but that is not love. I felt very little tenderness for her, she was a stranger to me, a stranger who did not think or feel as I did (pg78). According to Howells, Rochester belongs to that patriarchal world where women are luxury items to be bought, enjoyed and discarded. Through out the novel, Mr. Rochester is consistently shown as being hostile, cruel and unloving towards her wife. Christophine tells Antoinette, that he is hard as a board. He belongs to that patriarchal world where men substitutes love with sex and domination. He wants to break Antoinette up like an aggressive warrior. As Christophine keeps repeating to him, all you want is to break her up (126). In all of Rhyss works sexuality is the most important theme. It was mostly due to the idea that men dominate women in all aspects. They want control and repress womens sexually. And Rochester here is not only shown as a patriarchal husband but he is also shown as a Victorian who believes that women sexuality should be repressed. Here Rhys illustrates that men want to link women with death, just for the reason to control and suppress them. They kill women to repress them and here Rochester does the same thing to Antoinette. Die then! Die! I watched her die many times. In my way, not in hers. In sunlight, in shadow, by moonlight, by candle light. In the long afternoons, when the house was empty. Only the sun was there to keep us company (Rhys pg.77). Angier indicate Rhyss idea about men and love, men rob love with sex (Angier543). In the Victorian patriarchal society, men think about sex equivalent to love. They believed that feeling of love and sex is alike. Therefore, when Antoinette offers herself to love her, Rochester replies her only with sexual desires because has no feeling of love for her. He is cold in his feelings of love for Antoinette and therefore, he is emotionally a stone. This shows Mr. Rochesters patriarchal and unloving attitude towards her which kills Antoinette emotionally and she transforms into a Zombie, a living dead, in Voodoo or Obeah. In Wide Sargasso Sea, Mr. Rochester has been shown as the ultimate in patriarchal tyranny, but other male characters in this novel also exhibit deep-rooted feelings of misogyny, including Mr. Mason and Daniel. Rhys undoubtedly laments these men who deprived all of the female characters in this novel from their agency. Conventional aspects are traditionally associated with women, such as having propensity to mental illness, or being illogical, frivolous, depended, decorative, subordinate, scheming, manipulative, weak, jealous, gossiping, vulnerable and deceitful. Marriage of Antoinette and Rochester is marked with suspicion, betrayal and misunderstanding right from the beginning of their marriage. When Mr. Rochester receives the letter from Antoinettes half brother, Daniel Cosway, in which Daniel has written about Antoinettes mad mother and her drunkard father, he is not surprised. And when he came to know about Antoinettes love affair with her cousin Sandy, he became more aggressive and cruel towards her. The feeling of jealousy takes control of him. Thus the issue of trust is play out between Rochester and Antoinettes relationship. Although Mr. Rochester is only concerned with material success as Christophine says to Rochester, Everybody know that you marry her for her money and you take it all. And then you want to break her up, because you jealous of her (pg125). This statement reveals the fact that Rochester married Antoinette only for her money and does not love her. But still he wants to possess her in order to show his patriarchal power over her. He believes that she belongs to him and is therefore not allowed to leave him and love someone else. I tell you she loves no one, anyone. I could not touch her. Expecting as the hurricane will touch that tree-and break it. You say I did? No. that was loves fierce play. Now Ill do it. She ill not laugh in the sun again. Shell not dress up and smile at herself in that damnable looking glass. So pleased, so satisfied. Vain, silly creature. Made for loving? Yes, but shell have no lover, for I dont want her and shell see no other (Rhys 136). Though, Mr. Rochester feel hatred towards Antoinette, he still feels that she belongs to him. He does not want Antoinette to lead an independent life, because it would result in loosing his patriarchal power and dominance over his wife. Therefore, he refuses to let her leave him. Despite the fact that Mr. Rochester married Antoinette only for her money, he still feels that he is attracted towards her wifes exotic beauty and the beauty of her island. He does not want to fall for their charms and magnificence and thus he denies the attraction he feels towards the island and his wife. I hated the mountains and the hills, the rivers and the rains. I hated the sunsets of whatever color, I hated its beauty and its magic and the secret I would never know. I hated its indifference and the cruelty which was part of its loveliness. Above all I hated her. For she belonged to the magic and the loveliness. She had left me thirsty and all my life would be thirst and longing for what I had lost before I found it (Rhys). This quotation describes Mr. Rochester as a colonizer. As an Englishman, he wants to colonize both his wife and her island. His strict Victorian breeding and patriarchal values makes him obsessed with control and dominance. He does not want to fall love with her wife and her island, even though he is attracted towards them, because of the fact that he wants to maintain his patriarchal power to control and dominate them. Thus, by acting blindly to the attractions he feels towards his wife and her island, he condemns Antoinette and her world and in this way he tries to protect himself. All the sufferings and miseries which Antoinette suffers through out her life are due to the fact that in Victorian patriarchal society women were considered to be the source to bring sexual pleasures to their husbands. Men treat women in the same manner as somebody treat the servant or an animal. Women in Victorian societies are thought to be weak, helpless creatures that are unable to think for themselves. Men believed that it was the law of bible that males are superior to females, therefore they have a right to treat them as they like.